Chemical Composition of Natural Fiber:
Every fiber consists of some chemical elements. Such as cotton contains cellulose, protein, pectin etc. Wool contains keratin, dirt, suint etc. Chemical composition of natural fibers are given below:
Chemical Composition of Cotton Fiber:
- Cellulose 94%
- Protein 1.3%
- Ash 1.2%
- Pectin 1.2%
- Oil, Fat and Wax 0.6%
- Sugar 0.3%
- Pigment trace
- Others 1.4%
Chemical Composition of Jute Fiber:
- Cellulose 65.2%
- Hemicellulose 22.2%
- Lignin 10.8%
- Water soluble 1.5%
- Fats and wax 0.3%
Chemical Composition of Linen/Flax Fiber:
- Cellulose 92%
- Hemicellulose 2%
- Lignin 4%
- Others 2%
Chemical Composition of Hemp Fiber:
- Cellulose 77.77%
- Hemicellulose 10%
- Lignin 6.8%
- Pectin 2.9%
- Fat & wax 0.90%
- Water soluble 1.73%
Chemical Composition of Sisal Fiber:
- Cellulose 71.5%
- Hemicellulose 18%
- Lignin 6%
- Pectin 2.3%
- Fat & wax 0.5%
- Water soluble 1.7%
Chemical Composition of Coir Fiber:
- Husk 14%
- Fiber 22%
- Pith 16%
- Kernel 30%
- Water 18%
Chemical Composition of Wool Fiber:
- Keratin 33%
- Dirt 26%
- Suint 28%
- Fat 12%
- Mineral matter 1%
Chemical Composition of Keratin:
- Carbon 50%
- Hydrogen 12%
- Oxygen 10%
- Nitrogen 25%
- Sulfher 3%
Chemical Composition of Silk Fiber:
- Fibroin 76%
- Sericin 22%
- Fat & wax 1.5%
- Mineral salt 0.5